In conclusion: Ten Rules of speed enforcement

Rule 1:

To maximize the road safety effects, traffic law enforcement should first and foremost prevent violations that are proven to be related with the number or severity of crashes.

Rule 2:

To achieve collective safety benefits by reducing speeds, a systematic, integrated speed management policy is necessary. Speed enforcement is one of the elements of an integrated speed management approach.

Rule 3:

Speed enforcement gains in effectiveness if it is targeted towards prioritised roads, situations and times.

Rule 4:

The credibility of traffic enforcement should be part of enforcement policy and is to be considered as an important quality aspect of enforcement.

Rule 5:

Speed camera enforcement should be used for a large concentration of traffic crashes at high-volume traffic locations. Physical policing can be a good alternative to safety camera enforcement when crashes are scattered, and provided operations are randomised and applied to a large part of the network.

Rule 6:

To increase its effectiveness, speed enforcement must be supported by setting safe and credible speed limits, by publicity, by legislation facilitating effective enforcement, and by appropriate sanctions.

Rule 7:

Alternatives to negative sanctions (such as warning letters, educational courses, speed limiters) and the further development of these sanctions merit serious consideration of authorities, practitioners and researchers.

Rule 8:

Speed enforcement operations gain in effectiveness if they have specified objectives and success criteria, and are monitored in terms of both process and product.

Rule 9:

Cooperation and partnerships between police, local authorities and data experts provide the best guarantee for problem-oriented, outcome-focused and evidence-based speed policing operations.

Rule 10:

To the extent that new technologies facilitate voluntary speed control, police speed enforcement can direct itself more at detecting extreme or repeated speed offenders.